a,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block}html{font-size:62.5%}.content-nav ul,aside ol,aside ul{list-style:none}hr{display:block;height:1px;border:0;border-top:1px solid #ccc;margin:1em 0;padding:0}input,select{vertical-align:middle;border-radius:0}sub,sup{font-size:75%;height:0;line-height:1;vertical-align:baseline;position:relative}sup{bottom:1ex}sub{top:.5ex}@font-face{font-family:icomoon;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;src:url("../fonts/icomoon.eot");src:url("../fonts/icomoon.eot?#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"),url("../fonts/icomoon.woff") format("woff"),url("../fonts/icomoon.ttf") format("truetype"),url("../fonts/icomoon.svg#icomoon") format("svg")}#wd-share-icons ul.share-icon-links{margin:0;overflow:hidden;font-size:1.6rem}#wd-share-icons ul.share-icon-links li{margin:0 1em 1em 0;display:block;float:left;list-style:none}#wd-share-icons ul.share-icon-links li:last-child{margin-right:0}.share-icon-links__link{color:#757575}.fa-icon{--_size:var(--size, 1);--_spacing:calc((var(--_size) / 2) * 1em);fill:currentColor;height:calc(var(--_size) * 1em);flex-shrink:0;vertical-align:text-bottom}.fa-icon--lrg{--size:1.25;vertical-align:-.35em}.fa-icon--xlrg{--size:2;vertical-align:-.65em}.fa-icon--left{margin-right:var(--_spacing)}.fa-icon--right{margin-left:var(--_spacing)}.fa-icon--spin{-webkit-animation:2s linear infinite anim-rotate;-moz-animation:2s linear infinite anim-rotate;animation:2s linear infinite anim-rotate}body{color:#333;overflow-x:hidden;line-height:1.5;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:1.6rem;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.collection-label,.eyebrow,.replica-eyebrow{line-height:1.8;letter-spacing:.5px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.4rem}.reveal-trigger{font-weight:400;cursor:default;position:relative;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.55}.reveal-content{display:none}.reveal-content--facet{margin-bottom:.7rem}.reveal-trigger--facet{background-color:#f3f3f3;padding:.15em .15em .15em 1.2em;width:100%;text-align:left;font-size:1.4rem}.replica-h1,h1{margin-bottom:.25em;margin-right:1em;line-height:1.15;font-weight:400;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:2.6rem;display:block}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.replica-h1,h1{margin-right:0;font-size:2.6rem}}.reduced-h1{font-size:2.6rem}.CMS-content h1{margin-bottom:.5em}.replica-h2,h2{line-height:1.25;font-weight:400;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:2.4rem;display:block}.replica-h3,h3{line-height:1.25;font-weight:600;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:2rem;display:block}.replica-h4,h4{line-height:1.25;font-weight:600;color:#333;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:1.8rem;display:block}.replica-h5,h5{line-height:1.25;font-weight:400;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:1.8rem;display:block}[class^=replica-],h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin:1.25em 0 .25em}.heading--margin-top--small{margin-top:10px}.CMS-content .replica-h5:first-child,.CMS-content [class^=replica-]:first-child,.CMS-content h2:first-child,.CMS-content h3:first-child,.CMS-content h4:first-child,.CMS-content h5:first-child,.CMS-content h6:first-child,.boxout [class^=replica-]:first-child,.boxout h2:first-child,.boxout h3:first-child,.boxout h4:first-child,.boxout h5:first-child,.boxout h6:first-child,.media-body [class^=replica-]:first-child,.media-body h2:first-child,.media-body h3:first-child,.media-body h4:first-child,.media-body h5:first-child,.media-body h6:first-child,[class*=pull-]+[class^=replica-],[class*=pull-]+h2,[class*=pull-]+h3,[class*=pull-]+h4,[class*=pull-]+h5,[class*=pull-]+h6{margin-top:0}.content-tools .replica-h3,.content-tools h3,aside .replica-h3,aside h3{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5em}aside .replica-h4,aside h4{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:.5px;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.75em;color:#666}aside .reveal-trigger{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4}.art-list-item-title{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em;display:block;line-height:1.25;font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:500}.art-list-item-title h2,.art-list-item-title h3,.art-list-item-title h4,.art-list-item-title h5{margin-top:0;font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:500}.article-text,.chapter-text,.highlights-text,.special-issue-text{line-height:1.8;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:1.6rem}.small,small{font-size:87.5%;line-height:1.8}.small *,small *{font-size:unset;line-height:unset}p{margin-bottom:1em}a{color:#006eb2;text-decoration:none}cite a,p a,table a{text-decoration:underline}b,dt,strong{font-weight:600}.red,.red-text{color:#c00}.page-body ol,.page-body ul{margin:0 0 1em 1.75em}.content-nav ul,.page-body aside ol,.page-body aside ul{margin:0}button{background:0 0;border:none;padding:0;color:#006eb2;font:inherit}.btn{margin-top:0;display:inline-block;padding:0 1em;font-weight:400;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:2px;border:1px solid transparent;line-height:1.3;position:relative;text-decoration:none;min-height:3.4rem;font-size:1.4rem;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-appearance:none}.btn-large{line-height:1.5;font-size:1.6rem;min-height:4.4rem}a.btn{padding-top:.8rem}a.btn-large{padding-top:.9rem}.btn-default,a.btn-default{color:#fff!important;background-color:#006eb2;border-color:#006eb2}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.content-download,.content-download:visited,a.content-download,a.content-download:visited{color:#fff!important;background-color:#006eb2;border-color:#006eb2}}.btn-primary{color:#006eb2;background-color:#f3f3f3;border:1px solid #ccc}.btn-primary-2,a.btn-primary-2{color:#006eb2;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #006eb2}.btn-full-w{width:100%}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.btn-full-w-mobile{width:100%;margin-right:0;margin-left:0}}.btn-multi-block{position:relative}.btn-multi-block .btn{margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:.5em}.btn-multi-block .btn:last-of-type{margin-right:0}.btn-multi-block .hover-trigger{display:inline-block;position:relative;margin-right:1em}.btn-multi-block .hover-trigger .hover-item{top:100%}.btn-multi-block .hover-trigger:hover:not(.dismissed) .hover-item{display:block}.btn-multi-block .hover-trigger:focus-within:not(.dismissed) .hover-item{display:block}.btn-multi-block .btn+.hover-trigger{margin-left:1em}p .btn-multi-block{margin-left:.5em}@media only screen and (max-width:1199px){p .btn-multi-block{margin-left:0}.btn-multi-block{display:block;margin:.25em 0}}.icon-epub:before{content:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0idXRmLTgiPz4KPCEtLSBHZW5lcmF0b3I6IEFkb2JlIElsbHVzdHJhdG9yIDE4LjAuMCwgU1ZHIEV4cG9ydCBQbHVnLUluIC4gU1ZHIFZlcnNpb246IDYuMDAgQnVpbGQgMCkgIC0tPgo8IURPQ1RZUEUgc3ZnIFBVQkxJQyAiLS8vVzNDLy9EVEQgU1ZHIDEuMS8vRU4iICJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy9HcmFwaGljcy9TVkcvMS4xL0RURC9zdmcxMS5kdGQiPgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIgaWQ9IkxheWVyXzEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgeG1sbnM6eGxpbms9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzE5OTkveGxpbmsiIHg9IjBweCIgeT0iMHB4IgoJIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMjQ2LjYgNTk1LjMgNTk1LjMiIGVuYWJsZS1iYWNrZ3JvdW5kPSJuZXcgMCAyNDYuNiA1OTUuMyA1OTUuMyIgeG1sOnNwYWNlPSJwcmVzZXJ2ZSI+CjxwYXRoIGZpbGw9IiM5OUNDMDAiIGQ9Ik0yNzkuMSw3MzEuM0wxMDMuNyw1NDQuMUwyNzkuMywzNTdsNTguNSw2Mi40TDIyMC42LDU0NC4xbDU4LjUsNjIuNGwxNzUuNi0xODcuMkwzMDEuOCwyNTYuNQoJYy0xMi40LTEzLjItMzIuNy0xMy4yLTQ1LjMsMEw5LjMsNTIwLjJjLTEyLjQsMTMuMi0xMi40LDM0LjksMCw0OC4zTDI1Ni40LDgzMmMxMi40LDEzLjIsMzIuNywxMy4yLDQ1LjMsMGwyNDcuMS0yNjMuNwoJYzEyLjQtMTMuMiwxMi40LTM0LjksMC00OC4zTDUxMyw0ODEuN0wyNzkuMSw3MzEuM3oiLz4KPC9zdmc+Cg==")}.icon-file-pdf:before{content:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")}.icon-article:before{content:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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")}.icon-article,.icon-book,.icon-epub,.icon-file-kindle,.icon-file-pdf{top:-.1em;position:relative;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;vertical-align:sub;width:1.6rem;height:1.6rem}.small .icon-article,.small .icon-epub,.small .icon-file-kindle .small .icon-book,.small .icon-file-pdf{top:-.05em}.btn-large .icon-article,.btn-large .icon-book,.btn-large .icon-epub,.btn-large .icon-file-kindle,.btn-large .icon-file-pdf{width:2.4rem;height:2.4rem;vertical-align:top;top:0}.offscreen-hidden{border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);height:1em;margin:.25em -.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0}.sr-skip{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:1rem;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;background:#006eb2;color:#fff}.accessibility-skip-links ul{list-style:none}#accessibility-help,.index-links .skip-to-content,.skip-to-results{position:absolute;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);left:0;white-space:nowrap;line-height:normal;z-index:1;display:block;top:calc(100% - 5px)}.content-grid{display:grid;grid-template-rows:repeat(10,auto) 1fr;height:100vh;grid-template-columns:[full-width-start breakout-left-start] minmax(2rem,1fr) [content-start breakout-right-start] min(100% - 4rem,1200px) [content-end breakout-left-end] minmax(2rem,1fr) [full-width-end breakout-right-end]}.content-grid>*,.content-grid__full-width>*{grid-column:content}.content-grid>.content-grid__full-width{grid-column:full-width;display:grid;grid-template-columns:inherit}.wrapper{margin:0 auto;max-width:1200px;width:90%}.flex-container{-moz-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-ms-flex-align:start;display:-moz-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-start}.flex-half-left,.flex-half-right{-moz-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex-grow:1;flex-basis:0}.flex-half-left{padding-right:2.5%}.flex-half-right{padding-left:2.5%}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px){.flex-container{display:block}.flex-half-left,.flex-half-right{width:100%;padding:0}.flex-half-left:after,.flex-half-left:before,.flex-half-right:after,.flex-half-right:before{content:" ";display:table}.flex-half-left:after,.flex-half-right:after{clear:both}.mid-tablet-half-left,.mid-tablet-half-right{width:47.5%;float:left}.mid-tablet-half-right{margin-left:5%}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.mid-tablet-half-left,.mid-tablet-half-right{width:100%;float:left}.mid-tablet-half-right{margin-left:0}}.grid-2-col{margin-top:2em}body[class^=issn-] .grid-2-col,body[class~=partner-page] .grid-2-col{margin-top:0}nav{display:flex;gap:14px;position:relative;z-index:1;-webkit-padding-start:0;-moz-padding-start:0}.standard-nav{display:flex;gap:20px}.nav__list{display:flex;flex-grow:1;align-items:center;gap:14px;list-style:none}@media only screen and (max-width:1070px){.nav__list{display:none}}.nav-drop-down{background:#f3f3f3;list-style-type:none;position:absolute;left:0;width:100%;padding:1em 2%;margin:0;border:1px solid #ccc;border-top:0;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;display:none;box-sizing:border-box}[class^=nav-top-link]{display:flex;position:relative;align-items:center;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;min-height:46px;line-height:2;background-color:transparent;padding:0 .5rem}[class^=nav-top-link]::after{content:none;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:5px;background-color:#006eb2}.nav__list [class^=nav-top-link]{color:#00619e}[class^=nav-top-link]:not(:focus-visible):hover{text-decoration:none;color:#006eb2}[class^=nav-top-link]:focus-visible::after,[class^=nav-top-link]:hover::after{content:""}[class^=nav-top-link]:focus-visible::after{background-color:#fff}.nav__list [class^=nav-top-link]:focus-visible{color:#fff}.nav__list [class^=nav-top-link]:not(:focus-visible):hover{color:#00619e}.nav-seamless-access [class^=nav-top-link]{display:flex;align-items:center;width:100%;max-width:305px}@media screen and (min-width:1138px){.nav-seamless-access [class^=nav-top-link]{max-width:393px}}.nav-search img{width:17.64px}.in-page-nav-wrapper{height:46px;display:block}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.in-page-nav-wrapper{display:none}}.nav-in-page .nav-top-link-drop-down{position:relative;top:1px;z-index:10}.icon-menu{display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:1070px){a.icon-menu,a.icon-menu:link,a.icon-menu:visited{display:block;float:left;color:#006eb2;padding:.3em .5em .5em;top:0;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:2.2rem;width:44px}header a.icon-menu{margin:0 .25em 0 -.5em}}.production-bar__trigger{grid-column:full-width;position:absolute;top:.3em;right:.3em;padding:0 .5em;z-index:10}select{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.4em .5em .6em;height:2.429em;background-color:#f3f3f3;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:1.4rem}form div{clear:right;display:block;margin:0 0 1em}form.search-list div{clear:right;margin-bottom:.25em}.select-w-btn select{width:calc(100% - 46px);float:left}.select-w-btn__submit{width:43px;padding:0;margin-left:3px;float:left}.wp-header,header{background-color:#ccddf6;position:relative;min-height:4.6rem}.header-logo{width:100px;position:relative;min-height:46px;display:flex;align-items:center}.header-logo::after{content:none;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:5px;background-color:#00619e}.header-logo:not(:focus-visible):hover::after{content:""}.secondary-header{margin-bottom:2em}.publication-name{flex-grow:1;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;max-width:100%;float:left}.publication-title,.publication-title h1{margin:0;font-size:2.4rem;line-height:1.25}.publication-title a,.publication-title h1 a{color:#000;margin-right:.5em}.publication-title h1 img,.publication-title h1 svg,.publication-title img,.publication-title svg{max-height:50px;max-width:100%;margin-top:-.9rem;margin-bottom:-1.2rem}@media only screen and (min-width:1071px){#simple-menu{display:none}}.unbranded{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;min-height:7rem;overflow:hidden}.unbranded .publication-name{padding:1.7rem 0 1.6rem}.branded{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;min-height:7rem;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.branded .publication-name{padding:1.7rem 0 1.6rem}.big-branded{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;min-height:11rem;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.big-branded .publication-name{padding:4rem 0 3.3rem}.big-branded .partner-logos{margin:1.6rem 0 0}.publication-sub-title{line-height:1.25;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Noto Sans,Ubuntu,Droid Sans,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;margin:0;font-size:1.6rem}.partner-logos{flex-shrink:1;-webkit-flex-shrink:1;text-align:right;margin-top:.5rem}.partner-logo-alignment{float:right;display:block}.partner-logo-alignment>p{font-size:75%;margin:0;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;-webkit-hyphens:auto;-moz-hyphens:auto;-ms-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto}.partner-logo img{height:56px;border-left:1px solid #ccc;width:auto;margin-left:1.6rem;padding-left:1.6rem}.partner-logo:first-of-type img{border-left:0;padding-left:0;margin-left:0}.downtime-banner-wrap{background:#000}.downtime-banner{color:#fff;padding:1em 0;font-size:87.5%}.content-nav,.content-tools,aside,fieldset{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4}.content-nav,aside{margin-bottom:2em}.content-nav ul li,aside ul li{margin-bottom:.75em;border-top:1px solid #ccc;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word}.content-tools{margin-bottom:2em}.content-tools>div{margin-bottom:.75em;border-top:1px solid #ccc;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word}.content-tools .dimensions-altmetric-li,.content-tools .share-icon-links{margin:0}.content-tools .chapter-cover-w-nav{border-top:none;margin-bottom:0}.content-tools .chapter-cover-w-nav li{margin-bottom:.75em;border-top:1px solid #ccc;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word}.content-tools p,aside p{margin-bottom:.5em}aside.boxout .replica-h4,aside.boxout h4{border-top:1px solid #ccc}.partners-list{overflow:auto}.partners-list-item{position:relative;display:block;background:#f3f3f3;border:none;border-radius:2px}.partners-list-item img{min-width:240px;width:100%;border-top:1px solid #fff;margin-left:-120px;position:absolute;left:50%}.partners-list-item:before{content:"";display:block;height:5px;width:100%;border-radius:2px 2px 0 0}.partners-list-item--ecs:before{background:linear-gradient(to right,#002369,#43a272)}.partners-list-item--astrophysical:before{background:#3d5589}.partners-list-item--astronomical:before{background:#00749f}.partners-list-item--astronomical-supplement:before{background:#939bb3}.partners-list-item--astrophysical-letters:before{background:#87a7d8}.partners-list-item--research-notes:before{background:#5a7c97}.partners-list-item--planetary-science:before{background:#822c4c}.partners-list-item--eris:before{background:#8c99ab}.partners-list-item--erc:before{background:#879256}.partners-list-item--erl:before{background:#658466}.partners-list-item--jpc:before{background:#0279a6}.partners-list-item--jphys-energy:before{background:#8da431}.partners-list-item--jphys-materials:before{background:#836e8f}.partners-list-item--jphys-photonics:before{background:#e47b1c}.partners-list-item--njp:before{background:#2b2170}.partners-list__link{color:#333;display:block;padding:4px}.partners-list .partners-list-item{width:100%;margin-right:0}.wd-pw-jobs{border-top:6px solid #9460a4}aside.leaderboard-ad{margin:0;background-color:#f3f3f3}aside.leaderboard-ad div[id^=div-gpt-ad-]{min-height:50px;padding:15px 0}aside.leaderboard-ad div[id^=google_ads_iframe_]{margin:0}@media only screen and (min-width:1001px){aside.leaderboard-ad div[id^=div-gpt-ad-]{min-height:90px}}.boxout{overflow:auto;padding:1em 3% .5em;margin-bottom:2em;background-color:#f3f3f3;position:relative;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}aside.boxout{padding:0 3% .5em}@media only screen and (max-width:1199px){.boxout{padding:1em 1.5% .5em}}.boxout-bg-blue-light{background-color:#e7edf6}.overlay-set{display:flex;z-index:20;position:fixed;align-items:center;justify-content:center;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:.16s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:.16s ease-in-out;-o-transition:.16s ease-in-out;transition:.16s ease-in-out}.tint-screen{width:100%;height:100%;background-color:#000;z-index:200;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;opacity:.15}.overlay-panel{position:fixed;width:min(80%,900px);background-color:#fff;z-index:400;padding:1.5em;max-height:80vh;overflow-y:auto;box-sizing:border-box}.overlay-panel .overlay-text{overflow-y:auto;max-height:250px;text-align:left}.close-icon{border:0;display:block;position:absolute;right:.5em;top:.5em}.art-list--collections .art-list-item+.art-list-item{margin-top:3rem}.art-list--collections .art-list-item-body{margin-top:.5rem}.art-list-item{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:1em;border-top:1px solid #ccc}.art-list-item img{float:left;margin-top:.25em;margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:1em;display:table}#wd-bk-lst-book-list .art-list-item img{height:128.16px;width:90px}.art-list-item-body{overflow:hidden}.art-list-item-meta{margin:0}.art-list-item-tools{margin:.25em 0 .75em;position:relative}.art-list-item-tools:after,.art-list-item-tools:before{content:" ";display:table}.art-list-item-tools:after{clear:both}.art-list-item-tools a{margin-right:2.25em;display:inline-block}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.art-list-item-tools a{margin-bottom:.8em}}.indexer{float:right;margin-left:2em;line-height:1.8;font-size:1.4rem}.art-list-item-hlf{width:47.5%;float:left;margin-right:5%}.art-list-item-hlf:nth-of-type(2n+0){margin-right:0}.art-list-item-hlf:nth-of-type(odd){clear:left}@media only screen and (max-width:990px){.art-list-item-hlf{width:100%;float:left;margin-right:0}}.tab-content-padding{margin:.75em}[role=tablist]{margin:0 0 -.1em;overflow:visible;display:inline-block;position:relative}[role=tab]{position:relative;display:block;float:left;margin:0 .5em 0 0;padding:.4em .75em .6em;border:1px solid #ccc;overflow:visible;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;background:#f3f3f3;border-radius:0}[role=tab]:last-of-type{margin-right:0}[role=tab]:focus::before,[role=tab]:hover::before,[role=tab][aria-selected=true]::before{position:absolute;bottom:100%;right:-1px;left:-1px;border-top:3px solid #c00;content:""}[role=tab][aria-selected=true]{border-radius:0;background:#fff;outline:0;color:#000}[role=tab][aria-selected=true]:not(:focus):not(:hover)::before{border-top:5px solid #006eb2}[role=tab][aria-selected=true]::after{position:absolute;z-index:1;bottom:-1px;right:0;left:0;height:.3em;background:#fff;box-shadow:none;content:""}[role=tabpanel]{position:relative;margin-top:-9px;margin-bottom:2em;border:1px solid #ccc;background:#fff}.tabs--vertical{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;position:relative}.tabs--vertical [role=tablist]{margin:0;overflow:hidden;background:#f3f3f3;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px 0;border-radius:5px 0 0 5px}.tabs--vertical [role=tab]{position:relative;display:block;width:215px;line-height:1.9rem;padding:10px 20px;text-align:left;float:none;margin:0;border:none;overflow:unset;background:0 0}.tabs--vertical [role=tab]:focus::before,.tabs--vertical [role=tab]:hover::before,.tabs--vertical [role=tab][aria-selected=true]::before{position:absolute;bottom:0;top:0;left:0;right:0;border-top:none;border-left:5px solid #c00;content:""}.tabs--vertical [role=tab][aria-selected=true]{border-radius:0;background:#fff;outline:0;color:#000;font-weight:700}.tabs--vertical [role=tab][aria-selected=true]:not(:focus):not(:hover)::before{border-top:none;border-left:5px solid #006eb2}.tabs--vertical [role=tabpanel]{position:relative;background:#fff;border:none;width:50%;flex-grow:1;padding:30px;margin:0;border-top:2px solid #f3f3f3;border-right:2px solid #f3f3f3;border-bottom:2px solid #f3f3f3;border-radius:0 5px 5px 0}.tabs--vertical .tabpanel__title{display:none}.tabs--with-link .tabs__tablist{padding-bottom:70px}.tablist__browse-all{display:block;position:absolute;bottom:10px;left:20px}.tabpanel__filter-item{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.rss-feed,.rss-feed--BR{position:relative}.rss-feed{min-height:563px}.rss-feed__header{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:.6rem}.rss-feed__title{margin-bottom:0;font-size:2.2rem;line-height:1.35}@media screen and (min-width:464px) and (max-width:766px){.rss-feed__src-link--PW{position:absolute;top:.5rem;right:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.rss-feed__src-link--PW{position:absolute;top:.5rem;right:0}}@media screen and (min-width:385px) and (max-width:766px){.rss-feed__src-link--BR,.rss-feed__src-link--IOPP{position:absolute;top:.5rem;right:0}}@media screen and (min-width:1045px){.rss-feed__src-link--BR,.rss-feed__src-link--IOPP{position:absolute;top:.5rem;right:0}}.booklistSorting{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-direction:row;margin-bottom:0}.booklistSorting__order{flex-grow:1;margin-bottom:0}.booklistSorting__filters{margin-bottom:0}.booklistSorting__order-label{margin-bottom:.7em}.booklistSorting__order-option~.booklistSorting__order-option{margin-left:.5em}.booklistSorting__filter-field{margin:.5em .5em 0 0}.booklistSorting__filter-field:last-child{margin-right:0}.booklistSorting__filter-field#BF_YEAR{max-width:70px}@media screen and (max-width:1280px){.booklistSorting__filters,.booklistSorting__order{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-grow:1}.booklistSorting__order{margin-bottom:0}.booklistSorting__filter-label{flex-basis:78px;margin-top:.5em}}.metrics{border-top:1px solid #ccc;margin-bottom:2em}.metrics__grid{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px;align-items:flex-start}.metrics__metric{display:grid;width:25%;flex-basis:233px;flex-grow:1;padding:5px 15px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.metrics__score{display:block;font-size:2.7rem;font-weight:600;line-height:3.3rem;color:#006eb2}.metrics__description{display:block;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.6rem;grid-row:2/3}.metrics__view-more{text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.6rem}.facet{margin-bottom:25px}.facet__name{margin:0 0 5px;font-weight:600;font-size:1.6rem}.facet .facet__filter{border-radius:2px;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:11px 9px;background-size:14px;padding:0 0 0 36px;margin-bottom:10px}.facet__option{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:15px 3px;margin-bottom:.7rem}.facet__option+:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.facet__option input{flex-shrink:0}.facet__option--range{align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.facet__range-label{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:3px}.facet__dropdown-wrapper{margin:0}.facet .facet__checkbox{margin:3px 3px 3px 0}.facet__accordion-button{margin:0}.facets__buttons{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;gap:10px}.sidebar-list{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2em}.sidebar-list__heading{font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:.5px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.75em;color:#666}.page-body .sidebar-list__list,.sidebar-list__list{margin:0;list-style:none}.sidebar-list__list li,.sidebar-list__list-item{margin-bottom:.75em;border-top:1px solid #ccc;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word}.html-banner{border-radius:5px;min-height:250px;box-sizing:border-box;background-position:left 0 top 0;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;color:#fff;padding:30px}.html-banner__content{max-width:580px}.html-banner__headline{font-weight:700;font-size:3.2rem;line-height:3.8rem;margin-bottom:.2em}.html-banner__text{padding-bottom:45px}a.html-banner__cta,a.html-banner__cta:active,a.html-banner__cta:hover,a.html-banner__cta:visited{color:#fff;font-weight:700}.html-banner__logos{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:30px}.html-banner__logo{max-width:100px}.media,.media-body{overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:1em}.pull-left{float:left;margin-top:.25em;margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:1em;display:table}.pull-left p,.pull-right p{font-size:1.2rem;display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;-webkit-hyphens:auto;-moz-hyphens:auto;-ms-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.pull-left{float:none;margin-bottom:0;margin-right:0}.mobile-mb-2{margin-bottom:2em}}.bdt-1{border-top:1px solid #ccc}.bdt-6{border-top:6px solid #006eb2}.mt-0{margin-top:0}.mb-0{margin-bottom:0!important}.mt-025{margin-top:.25em}.mb-05{margin-bottom:.5em}.mb-075{margin-bottom:.75em}.mt-1{margin-top:1em}.mb-1{margin-bottom:1em}.mt-2{margin-top:2em}.mb-2{margin-bottom:2em}.pr-0{padding-right:0}.pb-025{padding-bottom:.25em}.fl-r{float:right}.align-right--desktop-only{float:none}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.tabs--vertical .tabpanel__content{display:block!important}.align-right--desktop-only{float:right;margin-left:2em}}.ta-c{text-align:center}.two-col{-webkit-columns:2;-moz-columns:2;columns:2;-ms-column-gap:2em;-webkit-column-gap:2em;-moz-column-gap:2em;column-gap:2em}@media only screen and (max-width:1020px){.two-col{-webkit-columns:1;-moz-columns:1;columns:1}}.d-b{display:block}.d-n{display:none}.cf:after,.cf:before{content:" ";display:table}.cf:after{clear:both}.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.hide{display:none;opacity:0;visibility:hidden}.hover-item{display:none}.page-body .gallery-smaller,.page-body .gallery-smaller li{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;height:100%;overflow:hidden}.page-body .gallery-smaller li{float:left;margin:0 0 2em}.gallery-smaller img{width:100%}@media only screen and (min-width:1101px){.page-body .gallery-smaller li{width:12.5%;margin-right:5%}.gallery-smaller li:nth-of-type(6n+0){margin-right:0}.gallery-smaller li:nth-of-type(6n+1){clear:left}}.w-100,.w-100 img{width:auto;height:auto;max-width:100%}.td-none,.td-none a{text-decoration:none}.text-truncate{white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.featured-links{background-color:#f3f3f3;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:10px;margin-bottom:10px;border-radius:5px;gap:10px 20px}.featured-links__item{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;text-decoration:none}.featured-links__logo{padding-right:.3em}summary{color:#006eb2}.orcid-logo{width:1.25em;position:relative;top:3px;margin-right:3px}.skyscraper-ad{display:none;position:sticky;top:75px;text-align:center;margin-bottom:0}@media only screen and (min-width:1200px){.skyscraper-ad{display:block}}h1 img{vertical-align:middle;width:auto}.article-head{margin-bottom:1em}.reveal-container{position:relative}.article-content,.chapter-content,.highlights-content,.special-issue-content{margin-bottom:4em}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.article-head .btn-multi-block{position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:0;background-color:rgba(0,110,178,.9);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;z-index:100;justify-content:space-around;gap:20px;padding:10px}.article-head .btn-multi-block>.btn,.article-head .btn-multi-block>.hover-trigger{flex-grow:1}.article-head .btn-multi-block .btn,.article-head .btn-multi-block>.hover-trigger{display:block;margin:0}}@media only screen and (max-width:408px){.article-head .btn [class|=icon]{display:none}}.linked-articles{display:block;background:#f3f3f3;margin:3rem 0;padding:.5rem 1.5rem .6rem}.linked-articles>p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.linked-articles__wrapper{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.linked-articles__prev+.linked-articles__next{padding-top:1rem}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.linked-articles__wrapper{flex-direction:row}.linked-articles__next,.linked-articles__prev{flex-basis:100%}.linked-articles__next{text-align:right}.linked-articles__prev+.linked-articles__next{padding-top:0;margin-left:1.5rem}}.linked-articles__info{border-top:1px solid #ccc;padding-top:.3rem;margin-top:.7rem;clear:both}.linked-articles__btn{color:#333}.linked-articles__btn:focus-visible{color:#fff}img.jnl-art-license__logo{max-width:58px!important}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.article-info__toolbar{margin-bottom:1.5rem}}.article-info__info>div,.toolbar-mobile{padding-left:.5rem}.author-list__name{font-weight:700}.author-list__heading{font-size:1.3rem;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:2px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.2em;color:#767676}.author-list__notes{border-top:1px solid #ccc}.author-list__notes:not(:has(p.mb-05)){display:none}.article-data__div{margin:.5em 0}.article-data__div img{max-width:300px}.article-data__flex{display:flex}.article-data__small{font-size:87.5%;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:0}.article-data__license{margin:1.5em 0 0}.article-data__p-l{float:left;white-space:nowrap;margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:1em;display:table}.article-data-figureSet__details{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:start;gap:0 30px}.article-data-figureSet__figure{max-width:300px}.article-data-figureSet__caption{flex-basis:300px;flex-grow:1}.book-cover-and-preview{margin-bottom:1em;width:100%;max-width:125px}.book-cover-and-preview--chapter{max-width:80px}.book-cover-and-preview__cover{display:block;width:100%}.book-cover-and-preview__link{display:block}.book-cover-and-preview__preview{display:block;border-radius:0 0 2px 2px}.book-page-cover-w-meta .meta-line{border-top:1px solid #ccc;margin-bottom:1em;display:block}.pull-left.book-page-cover-w-meta p{word-wrap:normal;overflow-wrap:normal;-webkit-hyphens:none;-moz-hyphens:none;-ms-hyphens:none;hyphens:none}#my_print a[role=button]{text-decoration:none}#my_print .btn{padding-right:40px;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;base64,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");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:17%;background-position:85% 50%}#my_print .horizontal-logo{max-width:105px;width:100%;height:24.11px;padding:5px 0 7px}#my_print .circular-logo{width:100%;height:auto}#my_print .overlay-text{max-height:280px;float:left;width:75%;padding-right:1.5em;box-sizing:border-box}#my_print .overlay-img{float:left;width:20%;padding-right:1.5em;box-sizing:border-box}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.book-cover-and-preview{margin-right:1em}.book-page-cover-w-meta p{overflow:hidden;display:block}.page-body#book .article-head .btn-multi-block>p{display:none}}.chapter-cover-w-nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 14px}.chapter-cover-w-nav__title{width:100%}.chapter-cover-w-nav__nav{min-width:65px;margin-left:0!important;list-style:none;flex-basis:66px;flex-grow:1}.epub-label,.kindle-label{width:14.75em;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:10;background-color:#fff}.epub-label p,.kindle-label p{margin:.5em .75em;display:block}.search-results-left{position:relative;width:100%;margin-right:0;display:block;float:none}.search-results-right{width:100%;display:block;float:none}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.search-results-left{width:22%;margin-right:4%;display:block;float:left}.search-results-right{width:74%;display:block;float:right}}#results-title{width:74%;margin-right:0;float:right}.btn#search-filter-menu{display:none;width:100%;margin-bottom:20px}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.btn#search-filter-menu{display:block}#wd-jnl-hm-intro .pull-left img,#wd-jnl-hm-intro .pull-left span{display:none}#jhp-submit,#jhp-track{width:100%}#jhp-track{margin-top:9px}}#wd-jnl-hm-vol-forms .icon-alarm,#wd-jnl-hm-vol-forms .icon-feed{display:inline-block;width:1.6rem;height:1.6rem}#wd-jnl-hm-intro .pull-left img{height:180px}#wd-jnl-hm-intro{width:10px;flex-grow:1;flex-basis:auto;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;padding-right:2.5%}#wd-jnl-hm-vol-forms{width:305px;flex-basis:auto;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;padding-left:2.5%}#wd-jnl-hm-vol-forms label{color:#666;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.6rem}.jnl-notifications{margin-top:10px;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;gap:10px 25px}.jnl-notifications--direction--vertical{flex-flow:column wrap}.jnl-notifications__extra-info{display:block;margin-left:23px;padding-top:5px;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.6rem}@media only screen and (max-width:1100px){#wd-jnl-hm-intro,#wd-jnl-hm-vol-forms{width:100%;padding:0}}@media only screen and (min-width:1200px){.da-all,[class*=" da1"][class*=" da1"],[class*=" da2"][class*=" da2"],[class*=" da3"][class*=" da3"],[class^=da1][class^=da1],[class^=da2][class^=da2],[class^=da3][class^=da3]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.da-all.da-all,.da-all.da-all .da-all.da-all{width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;clear:left}.da-all .da3,.da3,.da3.da3{width:15%}.da-all .da2,.da2,.da2.da2{width:18.33333333%}.da1-da2 .da2{width:22.35772358%}.da-all .da2-da3,.da2-da3.da2-da3{width:36.33333333%}.da2-da3 .da3{width:41.28440367%}.da2-da3 .da2{width:50.45871559%}.da-all .da1,.da1,.da1.da1{width:60.66666666%}.da1-da2 .da1{width:73.98373984%}.da-all .da1-da2,.da1-da2.da1-da2{width:81.99999999%}.da-all [class*=" da3"],.da-all [class^=da3],[class*=" da3"][class*=" da3"],[class^=da3][class^=da3]{margin-left:84.99999999%}.da-all [class*=" da2"],.da-all [class^=da2],[class*=" da2"][class*=" da2"],[class^=da2][class^=da2]{margin-left:63.66666666%}.da2-da3 [class*=" da3"],.da2-da3 [class^=da3]{margin-left:58.71559633%}.da1-da2 [class*=" da2"],.da1-da2 [class^=da2]{margin-left:77.64227642%}.da2{width:210px!important}.da-all,.da1.da1,[class*=" da1-"][class*=" da1-"],[class*=" da2"] [class*=da2],[class*=" da3"] [class*=da3],[class^=da1-][class^=da1-],[class^=da2] [class*=da2],[class^=da3] [class*=da3]{margin-left:0;clear:left}.db-all,[class*=" db1"][class*=" db1"],[class*=" db2"][class*=" db2"],[class^=db1][class^=db1],[class^=db2][class^=db2]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.db-all.db-all,.db-all.db-all .db-all.db-all{width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;clear:left}.db-all .db2,.db2,.db2.db2{width:18.33333333%}.db-all .db1,.db1,.db1.db1{width:75.66666667%}.db-all [class*=" db2"],.db-all [class^=db2],[class*=" db2"][class*=" db2"],[class^=db2][class^=db2]{margin-left:81.66666667%}.db-all,.db1.db1,[class*=" db1-"][class*=" db1-"],[class*=" db2"] [class*=db2],[class^=db1-][class^=db1-],[class^=db2] [class*=db2]{margin-left:0;clear:left}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1199px){.ta-all,[class*=" ta1"][class*=" ta1"],[class*=" ta2"][class*=" ta2"],[class^=ta1][class^=ta1],[class^=ta2][class^=ta2]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.ta-all.ta-all,.ta-all.ta-all .ta-all.ta-all{width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;clear:left}.ta-all .ta2,.ta2,.ta2.ta2{width:20.41666666%}.ta-all .ta1,.ta1,.ta1.ta1{width:75.5%}.ta-all [class*=" ta2"],.ta-all [class^=ta2],[class*=" ta2"][class*=" ta2"],[class^=ta2][class^=ta2]{margin-left:79.5%}.ta-all,.ta1.ta1,[class*=" ta1-"][class*=" ta1-"],[class*=" ta2"] [class*=ta2],[class^=ta1-][class^=ta1-],[class^=ta2] [class*=ta2]{margin-left:0;clear:left}.tb-all,[class*=" tb1"][class*=" tb1"],[class*=" tb2"][class*=" tb2"],[class^=tb1][class^=tb1],[class^=tb2][class^=tb2]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.tb-all .tb2,.tb2,.tb2.tb2{width:18.33333333%}.tb-all .tb1,.tb1,.tb1.tb1{width:75.56296914%}.tb-all [class*=" tb2"],.tb-all [class^=tb2],[class*=" tb2"][class*=" tb2"],[class^=tb2][class^=tb2]{margin-left:81.56296914%}.tb-all,.tb1.tb1,[class*=" tb1-"][class*=" tb1-"],[class*=" tb2"] [class*=tb2],[class^=tb1-][class^=tb1-],[class^=tb2] [class*=tb2]{margin-left:0;clear:left}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.gridoverlay .m-hide.m-hide,.m-hide.m-hide{display:none}}@media only screen and (min-width:767px){.art-list-item-hlf .art-list-item-tools a:nth-child(-n+3){margin-bottom:.4em}.hlf-all,[class*=" hlf1"][class*=" hlf1"],[class*=" hlf2"][class*=" hlf2"],[class^=hlf1][class^=hlf1],[class^=hlf2][class^=hlf2]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.hlf-all .hlf1,.hlf-all .hlf2,.hlf1,.hlf1.hlf1,.hlf2,.hlf2.hlf2{width:47.5%}.hlf-all [class*=" hlf2"],.hlf-all [class^=hlf2],[class*=" hlf2"][class*=" hlf2"],[class^=hlf2][class^=hlf2]{margin-left:52.5%}.hlf-all,.hlf1.hlf1,[class*=" hlf1-"][class*=" hlf1-"],[class*=" hlf2"] [class*=hlf2],[class^=hlf1-][class^=hlf1-],[class^=hlf2] [class*=hlf2]{margin-left:0;clear:left}.thd-all,[class*=" thd1"][class*=" thd1"],[class*=" thd2"][class*=" thd2"],[class*=" thd3"][class*=" thd3"],[class^=thd1][class^=thd1],[class^=thd2][class^=thd2],[class^=thd3][class^=thd3]{display:block;float:left;clear:none;margin-right:-100%}.thd-all .thd1,.thd-all .thd2,.thd-all .thd3,.thd1,.thd1.thd1,.thd2,.thd2.thd2,.thd3,.thd3.thd3{width:30%}.thd-all [class*=" thd3"],.thd-all [class^=thd3],[class*=" thd3"][class*=" thd3"],[class^=thd3][class^=thd3]{margin-left:70%}.thd-all [class*=" thd2"],.thd-all [class^=thd2],[class*=" thd2"][class*=" thd2"],[class^=thd2][class^=thd2]{margin-left:35%}}
/*# sourceMappingURL=critical-styles.min.css.map */